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centrifugal extractor
A centrifugal extractor—also known as a centrifugal contactor or annular centrifugal contactor—uses the rotation of the rotor inside a centrifuge to mix two immiscible liquids outside the rotor and to separate the liquids in the field of gravity inside the rotor. This way, a centrifugal extractor generates a continuous extraction from one liquid phase (fermentation broth) into another liquid phase (organic solvent).
== History ==
Annular centrifugal extractor design and development has been pursued by various Department of Energy laboratories for more than 40 years. Initial design of the annular centrifugal contactor was done at Argonne National Laboratory through modification of a Savannah River Site paddle mixed design.〔G. Bernstein, et al., A high-capacity annular centrifugal contactor, ''Nuclear Technology'' 20;200-202 (1973).〕 It has been employed in solvent extraction processes for metals valuable to the nuclear industry. A summary of contactor design principles and applications is included in a recent compilation.〔R.A. Leonard, ''Design Principles and Applications of Centrifugal Contactors for Solvent Extraction''. In Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction: A Series of Advances (Volume 19) (B.A. Moyer (Ed.), Chapter 10, pg 563 (2010).〕
Commercialization of this technology began in 1990 when a patent was granted for continuous separation of hydrocarbons from water (Meikrantz, 1990). In the past years the centrifuge design has been further improved and scaled up to flow rates of several hundred liters per minute (Meikrantz ''et al.'', 1997). Such contactors are used as part of the Salt Waste Processing Facility at the Savannah River Site for implementation of the CSSX process to extract radioactive cesium from tank wastes stored there.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.parsons.com/projects/Pages/salt-waste-processing-facility.aspx )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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